Xa kuthelekiswa, kucetyiswa eyona nkqubo ilungileyo yomatshini wokucoca othe nkqo we-reactor main nut. Iibholiti eziphambili kunye neebholiti zinokujongwa kwaye zifakwe ioyile kube kanye kuphela. Umgaqo-siseko Umgaqo-siseko usebenzisa i-spreader ukuphakamisa ibholiti ngokuthe nkqo kumsebenzi wokulayisha nokukhupha. I-nut ilandelwa ngumgaqo osebenzayo. Fumana kwaye ufumane kwaye wenze umzobo wophuhliso lwentambo, imveliso inenkunkuma encinci ye-radioactive kwaye ithatha indawo encinci. Esi sixhobo sisetyenziswe ngempumelelo kwintsimi yamandla enyukliya, kwaye sinokuhlangabezana ngokupheleleyo neemfuno zeebholiti eziphambili zesitya soxinzelelo lwe-reactor.
Ezinye iibholiti eziphambili ze-RPV ezikhoyo kunyeinatioomatshini bokucoca ngaba balandelayo:
(1) Umatshini wokuhlamba wesizukulwana sokuqala weCNNC Wuhan Nuclear Power Operation Technology Co., Ltd. (obizwa ngokuba yiCNPO apha) usebenzisa uhlobo oluthe tye.
(2) I-Institute of Optoelectronic Technology, i-Chinese Academy of Sciences isebenzisa ukucoca okuthe tyaba, kwaye izixhobo ziyadityaniswa.
(3) I-China Nuclear Power Research and Design Institute isebenzisa ukucoca ngokuthe nkqo.
1. Umbuzo woPhando
Emva kokuba isitya soxinzelelo se-reactor yesityalo samandla enyukliya sisebenze ixesha elithile, amabala eoyile kunye nokunye ukungcolaiibholiti eziphambilikwaye amantongomane aqiniswe kwindawo enobushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu. Ukuba awacocwanga ngexesha, kwelinye icala, anokubangela ukubamba umsonto, kwaye kwelinye icala, kuya kuchaphazela ukuphunyezwa kokuhlolwa okulandelayo emsebenzini, okubangela ukungaqheleki kwesignali kunye nokugweba ngendlela engafanelekanga. Ukucocwa kwee-bolts eziphambili ze-RPV kunye namantongomane ngomnye wemisebenzi yokuqinisekisa ukuba ii-bolts eziphambili ze-RPV zikwimeko ekhuselekileyo nethembekileyo ixesha elide. Ke ngoko, kuyimfuneko ukucoca ngokufanelekileyo ii-bolts eziphambili ze-RPV kunye namantongomane.
Ukuze kuphuculwe ukusebenza kakuhle komatshini wokucoca kwaye kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zesikhululo samandla esinesithuba esincinci somgangatho, ulwelo oluncinci lwenkunkuma kunye nokhuseleko oluphezulu, emva kothelekiso olubanzi, kugqitywe kwelokuba umatshini wokucoca othe nkqo onenkqubo edibeneyo kakhulu sesona sisombululo silungileyo.
Ngenxa yesi sizathu, sizenzele ngokuzimeleyo umatshini wokucoca i-RPV main bolt kunye ne-nut vertical onezinga eliphezulu lokuzenzekela, onokugqibezela ukulayisha nokukhupha ii-nut ngokuzenzekelayo, ukucoca ii-bolt kunye ne-nut kunye nokomisa emoyeni, kunye nokuhlolwa komatshini wemisonto kunye ne-oiling ye-bolt kwindawo enye yokuphakamisela.
2. Iingxaki Eziphambili
Kolu phononongo, ngokusekelwe ekuzuzeni ulwazi oluqhelekileyo lobuchwephesha kunye nempumelelo yoomatshini bokucoca abathe tye kunye nokuqinisekisa isiphumo sokucoca, inkqubo yokucoca iyaphuculwa, kwaye i-RPV main bolt kunyei-nut ethe nkqoUmatshini wokucoca onezinga eliphezulu lokuzenzekela uyilwe kwaye waphuhliswa, ngakumbi kuquka ezi zinto zilandelayo:
(1) Uyilo lwendlela yokuphakamisa i-bolt assembly.
(2) Uyilo lwendlela yokufezekisa ukulayisha nokukhupha iinati ngokuzenzekelayo.
(3) Uyilo lwendlela yokufezekisa ukucoca iibholiti kunye neenati ngaxeshanye.
(4) Uyilo lwendlela yokufezekisa uvavanyo lombono womatshini wentambo.
(5) Uyilo lokusetyenziswa kwenkqubo yokulawula.
3. Inkqubo yoPhando kunye nendlela
Umatshini oyintloko wokucoca i-bolt kunye ne-nut uneemisebenzi zokulayisha nokukhupha ii-nut ngokuzenzekelayo, ukucoca intambo, ukomisa emoyeni, ukujonga ngeliso lengqondo imisonto ye-bolt ngomatshini, kunye nokuoyila.
Inkqubo yomatshini wokuhlamba idityaniswe kakhulu, kwaye uyilo oluphambili lulandelayo: Iyunithi yokucoca i-bolt kunye ne-nut ikwindawo ephakathi komatshini wokuhlamba, kwaye ipompo yegiya yokukhupha ulwelo olungcolileyo ibekwe kwindawo esezantsi, kwaye itanki yokugcina ulwelo kunye nesihluzo senkqubo yokujikeleza ulwelo lokucoca zifakwe ngokulandelelana kwibhokisi ekhohlo. , ipompo yemagnethi, itanki yolwelo olungcolileyo kunye nefeni kunye nesihluzo somoya ohambayo kunye nenkqubo yokukhupha umoya. Icandelo lokufumana umfanekiso lifakwe ngaphandle kwebhokisi yokucoca i-bolt ukuze kuhlolwe umbono womatshini wentambo. Isakhiwo se-cantilever sifakwe phezulu kwikhabhinethi, kwaye isikrini sokubonisa esifakwe ekupheleni kwe-cantilever sisetyenziselwa ukusebenza kwezixhobo. Iibholiti zihlamba umva webhokisi ukuze kufakwe izinto zolawulo. Ucango oluvaliweyo lufakwe phambi kwebhokisi yokucoca i-bolt, kwaye iglasi ifakwe emnyango ukuze kube lula ukujonga imeko yokucoca. Ucango oluvaliweyo lucinezelwe kwiindawo ezi-3 ukuqinisekisa isiphumo sokuvala (jonga umfanekiso ongezantsi).
Iingenelo eziphambili zalo matshini wokucoca zezi:
(1) Yonke imisebenzi ingagqitywa ngokuphakamisa kube kanye.
(2) I-nut ingalayishwa kwaye ikhutshwe ngokuzenzekelayo.
(3) Coca iinati kunye neebholiti ezithe nkqo ngaxeshanye.
(4) Inomsebenzi wokuhlola umbono womatshini wentambo kwaye ivelisa umzobo wophuhliso lwentambo.
Inkqubo yokusetyenziswa kwezi zibonelelo ziphambili kunye nemisebenzi iya kwaziswa ngokweenkcukacha apha ngezantsi.
3.1 Ukuphakamisa iBolt Assembly
Indibano yebholiti kunye neenati iphakanyiswa ukusuka kwingobozi yokugcina iibholiti ukuya kwitreyi ephambili yebholiti ngaphakathi komatshini wokucoca iibholiti kunye neenati ngesixhobo sokusasaza esikhethekileyo esimile okwe-C (jonga uMfanekiso 2).
3.2 Ukulayisha nokukhupha iinati ngokuzenzekelayo
(1) Ukwakheka kwezixhobo
Iyunithi yokulayisha nokukhupha ii-nut ngokuzenzekelayo idityaniswe ngaphakathi kwibhokisi yokucoca. Ibandakanya ikakhulu indlela yokuqhuba ii-bolt, indlela yokuphakamisa ii-nut kunye nendlela yokubopha ii-bolt.
Indlela yokuqhuba ibholiti yenziwe ikakhulu yitreyi ephambili yebholiti kunye nemoto eqhuba ibholiti.
Indlela yokuphakamisa iinati yenziwe ikakhulu yikliphu yokulungisa iinati eziphambili, isilayidi sokuqhuba, isilayidi esilandelayo, isikrufu setrapezoidal, i-axis yesikhokelo kunye nenjini yokuqhuba iiskurufu.
Indlela yokubamba i-stud isetyenziselwa ukulungisa i-screw clamp ephambili ebhokisini. Sisakhiwo sokubamba i-arc esijikelezileyo esinesiqingatha kwaye sifakwe kwisakhelo sangaphakathi sebhokisi yokucoca.
(2) Inyani esebenzayo
Iibholithi zokulayisha nokukhulula iinati, amantongomane, amantongomane, indlela esebenzayo, inokuba yindlela, inokuqinisekisa ukuba umsonto awukho monakalo. Kwangaxeshanye, abasebenzisi ngaxeshanye
Inkqubo yokususa amandongomane imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
Ibholiti ephambili ijikeleza ngokuchasene newotshi, inaliti iyajikeleza, inathi iyajikeleza, inathi iyajikeleza, ize ijikeleze kwicala elijikelezileyo, ijikeleza kuphela, kwaye ingahamba kuphela kwicala elijikelezileyo, ngelixa ihamba ecaleni kwe-axis, isikhokelo sokuhamba siyaphakama kwaye ibha iqhuba ukujikeleza, Yenza i-motor motor motor motor motor slider slider slider ibe yinto efanayo efanayo ukuphakama ukuphakama ukuphakama ukuphakama ukuphakama ukuphakama ukuphakama, izilayidi ezimbini ezingasebenziyo isilayidi jikeleza jikeleza jikeleza jikeleza jikeleza jikeleza jikeleza jikeleza jikeleza jikeleza jikeleza izilayidi ezimbini isilayidi jikeleza jikeleza jikeleza jikelezisa jikelezisa jikelezisa jikelezisa jikelezisa izilayidi ezimbini isilayidi jikelezisa ...
I-nut iyaqhekeka kwicandelo elinemisonto, i-bolt ephambili, i-bolt ephambili iyajikeleza, ukujikeleza okusebenzayo, kunye nentshukumo, kwaye, ngokulandelanayo, nge-slide block, ityhala unxibelelwano, ityhala, ityhala i-slide block elandelayo. Okwangoku ukusebenza ngokuzenzekelayo kokuqhaqha i-nut ephambili kugqityiwe.
Ndifake inkqubo kwaye ngokuchaseneyo.
Ukucoca kwahlulwe ngokubanzi kukucoca intambo yangaphakathi ye-nut ephambili kunye nokucoca intambo yangaphandle enamanqanaba amathathu ye-bolt ephambili. Ekubeni i-nut ephambili ibekwe ngqo phezu kwe-bolt ephambili, ukuze kuthintelwe ulwelo lokucoca oluhamba phantsi kwe-nut ephambili ekungcoliseni ii-bolts ezicociweyo, emva kokuba kugqityiwe ukucocwa kwee-bolts kunye nee-nuts, ii-Bolts zongeza inyathelo lokuhlamba.
(1)Ukucoca amandongomane
Ukucoca iinati kwenziwa ikakhulu ngokusebenzisana nebrashi yokucoca iinati kunye nendlela yokuphakamisa iinati. Ibrashi yokucoca iinati kunye nemoto yokuqhuba zifakelwe kwisiciko esiphezulu somatshini wokucoca.
Ibhrashi yokucoca iinati yenziwe ikakhulu ngentloko yebhrashi yokucoca, umngxuma oyintloko kunye nesilinda yokuxhasa. Intloko yebhrashi yokucoca sisakhiwo se-centrifugal. Xa ingajikelezi, ububanzi bemvulophu yangaphandle yebhrashi yokucoca buncinci kunobubanzi bangaphakathi benati. Xa intloko yebhrashi ijikeleza, isihlalo sokulungisa iinati sivulwa phantsi kwesenzo samandla e-centrifugal, kwaye ibhrashi ye-nylon efakwe kwisihlalo sokulungisa ikufutshane nenati. Umphezulu wentambo yangaphakathi yenati.
Ngaphambi kokuba i-nut icocwe, indlela yokuphakamisa ii-nut isetyenziselwa ukuphakamisa i-nut ize ifakwe kwintloko yebrashi yokucoca, emva koko i-motor yebrashi yokucoca ii-nut iqaliswa ukujikeleza intloko yebrashi yokucoca. Ngelixa intloko yebrashi ijikeleza, i-nut ephambili ihamba phezulu nasezantsi phantsi kwendlela yokuphakamisa, ukuze icoce lonke icandelo lemisonto.
(2)Ukucoca iBolt
Iyunithi yokucoca iibholiti yenziwe ikakhulu yindibano yebhrashi yerola, indlela yokujika ibhrashi yerola, isixhobo sokulungisa iibholiti eziphambili kunye nesixhobo sokuqhuba ibholiti ephambili. Indibano yebhrashi yerola iqhagamshelwe nentonga yepiston yesilinda sayo sokujika ngenduku yokujika ibhrashi yerola. Xa intonga yepiston yesilinda yebhrashi yerola ityhalelwa ngaphandle, indibano yebhrashi yerola ijika kufutshane necandelo elinemisonto yebholiti ephambili, kwaye xa irhoxisiwe, indibano yebhrashi yerola ikude nebholiti ephambili. Imoto eqhuba ibhrashi yerola iqhuba ibhrashi yerola ukuba ijikeleze ngepulley yebhanti.
Xa ucoca iibholiti eziphambili, i-main bolt drive motor iqhuba iibholiti eziphambili kwitreyi ukuze zijikeleze, isilinda esijikayo sihambisa indibano yebhrashi yerola kufutshane nomsonto onamacandelo amathathu webholiti ephambili, siqalise i-roller brush drive motor, kwaye ibhrashi yerola ijikeleza kumphezulu webholiti ephambili. Iibholiti eziphambili zinokucocwa emva koko.
Ngexesha lenkqubo yokucoca, inkqubo yokujikeleza kolwelo lokucoca inika ulwelo lokucoca kumbhobho wokutshiza ulwelo, kwaye kufakwa imilomo emininzi kumbhobho wokutshiza ulwelo ukuze kutshizwe ulwelo lokucoca ngokulinganayo kumphezulu webholiti.
4. Iingxaki kunye nezisombululo
Kwinkqubo yophando noyilo, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwezixhobo, kwenziwa inani elikhulu lovavanyo kunye nomzimba wokulinganisa i-bolt kunye ne-nut emva kokuba izixhobo zenziwe, kwaye kwafunyanwa ezinye iingxaki ngexesha lenkqubo, kwaye kwathathwa izisombululo ezifanelekileyo.
(1) Ukuvuza kwebhokisi yokucoca
Ekubeni izixhobo zimi nkqo, oku kubeka phambili iimfuno eziphezulu zokutywinwa kwebhokisi. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokucoca, kwafunyaniswa ukuba inxalenye yolwelo lokucoca yatshiza kwicala elingaphakathi lomnyango ongenamoya kunye nesakhelo, yaze yaphuma, yabangela ukuvuza. Thatha la manyathelo alandelayo kule meko:
(2) Ngexesha lonke lenkqubo yokucoca nokomisa umoya, ifeni ihlala ikwimeko yokufunxa ukuqinisekisa ukuba uxinzelelo lomoya kwibhokisi yokucoca luphantsi kunoxinzelelo lomoya kwaye ikwimeko yoxinzelelo olubi, nto leyo ethintela ngokufanelekileyo ukugcwala kolwelo olungcolileyo kunye negesi emdaka ebhokisini, kwaye iqinisekisa ngokupheleleyo ukhuseleko lwabaqhubi.
(3) Umphezulu weendawo zentsimbi engenasici ngaphakathi komnyango ovaliweyo webhokisi yokucoca utshizwa ngengubo ephobisayo kakhulu, kwaye iglasi yomnyango inyangwa ngonyango oluphobisayo kakhulu, ukuze amathontsi amanzi atshizwe emnyango ovaliweyo ngexesha lenkqubo yokucoca anganamatheli kwiphaneli yomnyango nakwiglasi, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe amathontsi amanzi aseleyo kwiphaneli yomnyango ewayo.
(2) Isiganeko sokutyibilika kwebholiti
Ekuqaleni, itreyi ephambili yebholti isebenzisa uhlobo lwesakhiwo seepleyiti zerabha ezibophayo kwiindawo zesinyithi. Xa i-torque yokuqhuba inkulu kakhulu, irabha kunye nezantsi leebholti ziya kutyibilika zize zidlale indima yokukhusela.
Kwinqanaba lokuqala lokusebenza, amanzi asetyenziswa njengendawo yokucoca, kwaye isiphumo sokuqhuba sebholti ephambili sasilungile; kwinqanaba lokugqibela, emva kokuba indawo yokucoca ithatyathelwe indawo lulwelo lokucoca olusetyenziswa kwizikhululo zamandla enyukliya, kwafunyaniswa ukuba ibholti ephambili ayinakuqhutywa kwaye ityibilike. Emva kohlalutyo, indlela yokuqala yokuqhuba ibholti yayingasebenzi ngenxa yesiphumo sokuthambisa solwelo lokucoca.
Ngokurhoxisa ulwakhiwo lokubopha ipleyiti yerabha kwiindawo zesinyithi kwitreyi yebholiti ephambili, ii-plunger ezine ezizii-spherical zifakwa ngqo kwitreyi yebholiti ephambili. Xa ibholiti ephambili iqhutywa, ii-plunger ezimbini ezizii-spherical zityibilika ziye kwi-groove esezantsi kwebholiti ephambili, ukuze kufezekiswe ukuqhuba kwebholiti ephambili, ukuba i-torque yokuqhuba inkulu kakhulu, ukhuseleko lunokuphunyezwa. Kwangaxeshanye, i-servo motor eqhuba ibholiti ephambili ikwaxhotyiswe ngokhuseleko lwe-torque. Xa i-torque yokuqhuba ibholiti ephambili idlula ixabiso elibekiweyo, iya kuma kwaye ivuse.
(4) Isiphumo sokomisa umoya asilunganga
Emva kokulungisa iimpazamo, sifumanise ukuba iibholithi azikamiswanga ngokupheleleyo emoyeni, kwaye isiphumo kufuneka siphuculwe.
Ngokufunda inkqubo yokomisa umoya yezixhobo, kwafunyaniswa ukuba kwinqanaba lokuqala lokuqalisa ukusebenza, ibhrashi yerola yebolt isondela kuphela kwaye ijikeleze ngesantya esiphezulu xa ibholt icocwa ukuze kususwe amabala omphezulu. Emva kokuba inkqubo yokomisa umoya iqalile, ibhrashi yerola yebolt iyashiya ibholt, kwaye ibholt yomiswa emoyeni kuphela ngesantya esiphezulu somoya ocinezelweyo.
Ngenxa yesi sizathu, umbhali uphucula inkqubo yokomisa umoya. Emva kokucoca, xa kuqala ukuhamba kokomisa umoya, ibhrashi eqengqelekayo isondela kwibholithi ize ijikeleze ngesantya esiphezulu ukuze isuse ulwelo olungaphezulu. Emva kwe-1/3 yomjikelo wokomisa umoya, ibhrashi eqengqelekayo yebholithi iyashiya ibholithi ize iyeke ukujikeleza, ize iqhubeke. Iibholithi zomiswa ngesantya esiphezulu somoya ocinezelweyo.
Uqheliselo luye lwabonisa ukuba emva kophuculo, isiphumo sokomisa umoya siphucuka kakhulu.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Novemba-17-2022
